Lock



R. 1. LOZON.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FIL'ED FE.1|. 1920.

1941928939 Patented June E3, wzl

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

QZQM

R. J. LOZON.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. II, 1920.

l A l 9, 393 I Patented J une 13, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. the tumblers;

narran santas RAMON J'. LOZON, 0F CHICAGO,

castes.

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 KING LOCK COMPANY, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

LOCK.

aaiasss.

Application led February 11, 1920. Serial No. 357,766.

T 0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, RAMON J. LozoN, a citizenof the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook andState of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLocks, of which the following is a description.

My invention relates to that general class of devices known as locks,and more particularly that type known as plate tumbler locks. Theinvention has among its objects the production of a device of the kinddescribed that is simple, convenient, durable, compact, efficient,attractive and satisfactory for use wherever found applicable. Theinvention has among its further objects the production of a lock whichcannot be easily picked or operated without its key, and also a lockwhich may be economically manufactured and assembled. Many-other objectsand advantages ofthe construction herein shown and described will beobvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein given.

To this end my' invention consists in the novel construction,arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and'described, andmore particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like orcorresponding parts,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the lock;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the casing, the plug and tumblershown in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view and side elevation taken substantially online 4-4 o Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 1s a sectional view taken substantially on line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 6 6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 7-7 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a sectional, view taken substantially on line 8-8 of Fig.- 3;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 9-9 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5, showing the keywithdrawn; y

Fig. 11 is a view n elevation of one of vand material, and

f withdrawn.

tumblers 15, which may Fig. 12 is a similar view of another tumbler; and

Fig. 13 is a section view similar to Fig. 8 showing a modiiedconstruction.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a casing of the desired size,shape or design constructed in any suitable manner, within which isarranged a plug 2, which is preferably made in a plurality of sections,as shown two, secured together by a collar 3 or equivalent means for thepurpose. The plug is preferably milled or otherwise formed with akey-way for the key shank 4. Any suitable means may be provided foroperatively connecting the plug with a lock bar or bolt or theequivalent, it being imma terial as to whether the connecting means isat the front or rear end of the plug or an intermediate point. In theconstruction shown, I have secured a plate 5 arranged at the rear end ofthe plug, and provided with a lug 6 arranged to cooperate with a lockingbar or bolt 7, it being understood that the particular mechanismoperated or controlled by the plug, or where installed, is immaterial ins0 far as the present invention is conce1-ned. In the lparticular caseillustrated, the plate 5 is secured to the plug and maintains the parts2-2 together at the inner end.

The casing 1 is preferably formed with grooves 11 and 12 on oppositesides of the same at the interior. Carried in the plug or barrel 2 arethe desired number of tumblers, which are of lengths to be confinedwithin the plug but movable lengthwise in the plug so as to engage withone or the other of the slots 11 and 12, as shown, when the key is Thetumblers, as most clearly shown in Fig. 8, are of lengths to becon-fined entirely within the plug when the key is inserted, and I haveshown a plurality of series of tumblers 14, 15 and 16. As shown, theplug is milled or otherwise cut away to form the slots or openings17,-18 and 19, the tumblers being of a width to closely tit the slots atthe sides. I have shown the series separated by projecting parts 20. Theadvantage of making a plurality of series of tumblers with one or morein a series, is that the same may be modified so that the lock may notbe easily picked. I have shown a number of plate tumblers 14 and severalbe made of thin sheet steel and stamped out or manufactured foration 21of a size to closely fit the edges `of the key, but .ordinarily with aclearance on `each side. The key in the construction shown is preferablyformed with the grooves and ridges 23 and 24, so as to fit the'irregularshaped key-way. It will be noted by referring to Fig. 6 that thetumblers 15 are provided with a somewhat longer opening or perforationthan the tumblers 14 and 16, the key being slightly wider at this point,as indicated at 22.

As before mentioned, l prefer to provide means for positivelycontrolling aportion of the tumblers, as shownftumbler 16. For thispurpose l provide a spring 27 or the equivalent. ln the constructionshown, l cut away a portion of the plug at one side, as indicated at25-26, and insert a spring 27, which is preferably coiled with one endengaging in the opening 28 and the other end extended into the opening25 and through an opening 29 in the tumbler. rllfhis being the reartumbler, it is extremely difficult to Inanipulate the same except withthe proper key. l have shown the tumblers 14 and 15 cut away-at thesides (see Fig. 12), as indicated at 30, so as to clear the spring ormember27 and drop by gravity when the key is withdrawn. Obviously,however, it may be so arranged that any one or more of the tumblers inaddition to the tumbler 16 may be controlled similar to tumbler 16.

With some types of locks it has been possible to manipulate the tumblerswith a suitable tool or instrument other than the key, particularly if aturning pressurea was at the same time applied to the plug, tending toturn the same so that the tumblers would bind and not slip back intoengaging operative positions, and might gradually be forced into theplug. With my preferred.

form of lock, movement of the tumblers to their position within the plugis prevented, except when the proper key is inserted and no turningpressure applied to the key unltil the tumblers have been completelyretracted or retrieved to their inoperative position. Any'suitable meansmay be provided for locking the movement of the tumblers againstretraction upon a turning movement 'of the plug simultaneously with thealigning of thetumbler's. As shown, I cut a portion of the casing at thegrooves 11 and 12 as indicated at 32, so that there is a projecting art33 at each side, the same being spaced om each other a distance equaltothe width ofthe tumbler. The same is preferably cut described. Thetumblers have a portion of v the edges, as at 37, of suiiicient lengthto afford a bearing in the plug and casing.

The operation of the lock when a key is in serted is obvious. Before theinsertion of the key the tumblers are substantially in the positionsshown in Fig. 10 or in equivalent positions, so that the same areengaging with the casing in one or the other of the grooves 11 or 12.Upon inserting the key (see Fig. 6), the key shifts the tumblers backand forth so as to align them at the ends when the key is fullyinserted. The key may then be turned, and through the plate 5 and lug 6or their equivalent, shift the bolt 7. lf an unauthorized person withouta key endeavors to manipulate or pick the lock, he may use an,unauthorized key, but ordinarily it is difficult, if not impossible, toproduce a duplicate key without having the authorized key for a pattern.Generally in tampering with locks, the person picking the same inserts atool of suitable size and shape into the key-way and manipulates thetumblers regardless -of whether the same are pin or plate tumblers, sothat the same are aligned, releasing the plug and permitting itsturning. ln so manipulating the tumblers with a tool, the prowler mayslightly turn the barrel yregardless of the type of lock, whether plateor pin tumblers, so that whenv he works his tool toactuate the tum.-blers, the friction or pinching of the tumbler at the puncture of thebarrel and casing will have a tendency to temporarily retain thetumblers until he has succeeded in aligning them, after which the plugmay be turned. With the present lock, it is necessary to manipulate aportion of the tumblers in one direction and a portion in the. other,making it somewhat diilicult to secure an alignment, but if pressure isapplied by turning the plug so as to bind the tumblers and retain themuntil all have been aligned, applying such pressure will cause thetumblers to be positively locked. against a retrieving movement. As mostclearly shown in Fig. 9 in the dotted lines, if there is any slightturningor application of pressure to turn the plug when the tumbler isin its operative locking position, as indicated by the dotted lines,upon attempting to move the tumbler lengthwise into the plug, the face35 will engage with the point 34, thereby positively preventing movementof the tummay be any number, it is necessary to manipulate the tumblersin opposite directionsv possible, by giving him a complete view ofhowever, for use on automobiles the position of the parts.

In the construction shown in Fig. 13, an equivalent constructionconsists in a casing 38 arranged to receive the plug 39 carrying thetumblers 40. With this particular construction the casing is formed withrecesses 41 and the tumblers with prongs42. With.

this type, while the tumbler may be easily retrieved or retracted by theproper key, if it is attempted to `retrieve the same with a pickingtool,'or by picking and applying pressure to the plug, the prongs 42will engage in one or the otherot the recesses 41, thereby locking thetumblers against movement.

l have not considered it necessary to describe all of the possible usesof the particular lock mechanism shown and described or complete locks,as lockunits of this type are well known, and the application of thesame may be made wherever the lock is desired. The lock is particularlydesirable, lockers, cabinets, desks, padlocks and the like, where a safeand non-pickable lock is desired.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that variousimmaterial modiications may be made in the same without departing fromthe spirit of my invention; hence l do not wish to be understood aslimiting myself to the exact form, construction, arrangement andcombination of parts herein shown and described or uses mentioned.

l/V hat ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

lln a key-controlled lock, the combination of a suitable casing, acylindrical barrel rotatably arranged therein, a plurality of tumblerplates carried by and transversely movable through said barrel intoengagement with the casing upon thewithdrawal of the key, whereby thebarrel will be locked against rotation, said tumbler plates beingprovided with keyways therethrough of varied sizes, and interengagingmeans between the casing and the plates whereby the plates will belocked against movement upon a simultaneous lengthwise movement of theplates and rotation of the barrel, comprising arcuate, circumferentiallyextending shoulders on the plates and co-operating overhanging, arcuatelugs on the casing tor positively engaging the plates at said shoulders,and spring means for moving a portion of said tumbler plates intooperative engagement with the casing independently of the key, theothers of said tumbler plates being gravity controlled, whereby thewithdrawal of the key will move the tumbler plates comprising saidportion in a direction opposite to that of the casing engaging movementof the remaining tumbler plates.

ln testimony whereof, l have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

RAMGN J. LOZON.

Witnesses:

ROY W. HILL, BERTH'A HARmMANN.

